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 TM 55-1905-223-24-1
b.
Cooling System. The coolant system removes heat created during engine operation. Coolant is
circulated by a centrifugal water pump with mounted thermostats to control engine operating temperature.
Coolant temperature is reduced in a keel cooler (heat exchanger), and circulated through a water filter which
passes a small amount of coolant from the system through a filtering and treating element. The engine is also
equipped with two (one on each side of the block) coolant heaters which are thermostatically controlled to aid in
cold weather operation. The system is treated with antifreeze to afford protection.
c.
Lubrication System. The engine is pressure lubricated by a gear-type lube oil pump mounted to the
block directly below the crankshaft and driven from the rear crankshaft gear. An external electric motor driven
pump provides prelube pressure for starting.
(1)
Filtering. Lube oil is filtered by five spin-on lube filters mounted to a common filter head. In
the event of filter blockage, a bypass valve on the filter head routes the lube oil directly to the main oil galleries
providing uninterrupted lube oil flow until the main filters are changed.
(2)
Cooling. Lube oil is routed from the lube oil pump to lube oil cooler elements located in the
block "V" between the cylinder banks and under the aftercooler. The coolers are finned heat exchangers which
give off heat to the engine coolant which is circulated around them.
(3)
Turbocharger Lubrication. Lube oil is routed from block drillings to the turbocharger supply
line. The return line runs from the turbocharger to a block drilling where it is then routed back to the oil pan.
d.
Air System. For the engine to operate efficiently, intake and exhaust systems must not be
restricted. Intake air is routed through an air cleaner directly to the turbocharger and then to the aftercooler.
(1)
Aftercooler. The aftercooler reduces or increases intake air temperature. It consists of a
housing which is part of the engine intake air manifold, with an internal core made of tubes through which
coolant circulates. Air is cooled or heated by passing over the core prior to entry into the engine combustion
chambers, thereby improving combustion through better control of intake air temperature.
(2)
Turbocharger. The turbocharger forces additional air into combustion chambers so the engine
can burn more fuel and develop more horsepower than if it were naturally aspirated. The turbocharger consists
of a turbine wheel and a centrifugal blower (compressor wheel), separately encased but mounted on and
rotating with a common shaft. Power to drive the turbine wheel, which in turn drives the compressor, is
obtained from the energy of engine exhaust gases. Rotating speed of the turbine changes as the energy level
of exhaust gas changes, providing the engine with additional air to meet increased load requirements.
e.
Fuel System. Filtered diesel fuel is supplied to the injectors via the fuel filters, fuel manifold and
cylinder head drillings, from a fuel pump that is driven by the front camshaft (geared to the crankshaft).
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