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 TM 55-1905-223-SDC
It is of value to calculate free surface effect (i/V) and enter these on the liquid loading diagram of the
casualty board (some ships also note these on the flooding effect diagram). Ships have in some cases
prepared for themselves a so-called flooding effect bill. This consists of a tabulation of all the compartment
numbers in the ship with the value of free surface effect (i/V) entered opposite each.
a. The "i" is for the moment of inertia for the compartment
b. The "V" is used for battle displacement in tons.
Such tabulations may also indicate information on added weight effects (and free communication
effect if applicable).
The foregoing calculations are of great value in predicting the possible flooding effects to be
expected, provided that those who use them realize that their values are indicative, not exact, and that good
judgment and common sense, based on an understanding of the principles involved, are better than any
number that can be computed.
5-14.
CREW INDOCTRINATION. All crew members should be educated in the general effects of a missile
hit at the waterline or other underwater damage, as will be described in Measures to Safeguard Stability
(Section VIII). Since a single hit may wipe out an entire repair party, ships may have to depend on other than
repair parties to confine flooding and fire, and to perform other emergency functions. More important, ships
have been lost because crew members escaping from damaged areas left doors and hatches open behind
them, thus permitting rapid spread of water. The opposite of this should be impressed on all crew, to confine
the flooding, or else stability efforts may be too little and too late.
Repair parties should be drilled to take action automatically to halt the flooding; to plug, patch,
and shore to eliminate further damage; and to begin immediately the removal of flooding water, giving priority
to loose water and high flooding. Repair parties also should be drilled to make prompt, accurate reports to the
damage control center on the nature of the flooding and the action being taken to combat it.
MATERIAL PREPARATIONS. There are certain material preparations which are vital in toughening
5-15.
the ship toresist flooding. They include:
a. Maintaining the watertight integrity of the ship's subdivision.
b. Properly classifying closures and fittings.
c.
Properly setting material conditions of closure.
d. Providing of adequate amounts of well distributed, operable damage control equipment.
ADVERSE OVERLOADING EFFECTS. Operating at excessively heavy displacement produces the
5-16.
following important detrimental effects:
a. Speed. Increased displacement increases hull resistance and decreases propeller efficiency and,
therefore, reduces speed.
5-8
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