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 TM 55-1905-223-SDC
h.
Pillows, blankets, and kapok life jackets. Feather pillows do not make effective patches or gaskets
over a long period of time. When the feathers get wet, they will collect in a lump at one end of the ticking
cover, and the patch practically collapses. Furthermore, if the casing rips, the feathers come out and clog the
pump strainers badly. Kapok lifejackets are more effective. Folded blankets can be used in place of pillows.
i.
Box patch. A suitable patch for use over holes having jagged edges protruding inward is a steel box
running in sizes up to 18 inches square and 6 inches deep. The box is open at one end and has a gasket
running along the facing edges. The gaskets may be made of rubber or of canvas stuffed with oakum. The
box is put over a shell hole from inside the ship and is held in place with shoring. When the compartment is
pumped dry, the box may be secured by welding angle clips between the box and the hull plating, after which
the timbers can be removed for use elsewhere. The box cannot readily be fitted to uneven surfaces, so
variations have to be made in its use. One variation is to stuff the box with pillows, or to lay pillows over the
hole before applying the box. This has proven successful. Another variation is to stuff rags and wedges into
holes between the box and the rumpled hull. In the absence of ready-made steel boxes, similar patches can
be made of planks. The advantage of a wooden box is that its edges can be shaped with a hatchet to fit
closer to corrugations in plating. It is suggested that large ships make and carry box patches in sizes up to 4
feet square and 1 foot deep.
j.
Bucket patch. An ordinary galvanized bucket can be used in a variety of ways to stop leaks. It can
be pushed into a hole, bottom first, to form a metal plug, or it can be stuffed with rags and put over a hole like
the box patch previously described. It can be held in place by shoring or by using a hook bolt which will be
described later.
k.
Hook bolts. A hook bolt is a long bolt having the head end so shaped that the bolt can be hooked to
plating through which it has been inserted. The common types are the T, the J and the L, as illustrated in
FIGURE 8-1, so called because they resemble those letters. The long shanks are threaded and provided
with nuts and washers. Steel or wooden strongbacks are used with them, generally the latter. The bolt has
no regular head.
l. The head end of the bolt is inserted through a hole and the bolt is rotated or adjusted until it cannot
be pulled back through the hole. A pad or gasket, backed by a plank or a strongback, is then slid over the
bolt, and the patch is secured in place by taking up on the nut. Generally it is necessary to use these bolts
in pairs. Hook bolts can be used in combination with many of the patches previously mentioned, especially
the folding plate, the box, and the bucket.
m. Folding T. A variation of the hook bolt is the folding T. It resembles the T-bolt, but it has a hinge
where the shank joins the crosspiece so it is much like the tumble toggle bolt. This bolt may be folded and
inserted through a small hole; when pulled back, the crosspiece catches on the hull plating. By using this
bolt, a crew member standing inside the ship can put on a patch either inside or outside the ship. By means
of retaining line on the bolt, a strongback and a pillow can be threaded over the line and the entire patch
folded and tossed out through the hole. When the line is hauled in, the patch takes up against the ship where
it can be readjusted to give a tighter fit; or the pillow and plate can be pushed over the shank inside the
8-7
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