| Tweet |
Custom Search
|
|
|
||
 TM 55-1905-223-SDC
FIRE
SDC FIXES SHALL BE USED ONLY IN COMBAT OR OTHER
EMERGENCY CONDITIONS AT THE DISCRETION OF THE VESSEL
MASTER. DAMAGE SHALL BE REPAIRED BY STANDARD
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE.
Section I. INTRODUCTION
6-1. FIRE - GENERAL. Most fires escalate from small points of ignition, such as welding slag igniting
cable insulation in the case of an in port event, or an electrical switchboard fault underway. Fire and/or
explosion can develop from battle damage. Whatever the cause of the fire, if the proper actions are taken
immediately, most fires can be readily extinguished. The smoke, toxic fumes, and heat created by a fire can
incapacitate personnel, damage equipment, and reduce visibility, severely hampering firefighting operations.
The purpose of this chapter is to discuss the effects of the various fire hazards, to discuss the
equipment/systems available to combat fire and to delineate the proper actions to be taken to control them.
Section II. CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS OF FIRE
6-2. COMPONENTS OF FIRE. The entire chemistry and physics of fire and burning or combustion may
be simplified into a relationship between three components: fuel, heat or temperature, and oxygen or air. In
order to have a fire in some combustible substance, each one of these components must be present and
assisting the others. The firefighter can confront any one or more of the components, remove them, and
cause the burning to stop. The type of fire fighting agent which the firefighter has at hand determines which
component he is going to remove. Fires in ships are categorized in four classes (A,B,C, and D) which are
determined by the general types of fuel involved. It should be kept in mind that most fires will involve a variety
of combustibles and therefore may be a combination of all four classes.
Section III. CLASSES OF FIRE
6-3. CLASS A FIRES. Class A fires are fires involving solid combustibles, such as cable insulation,
clothing, paper, plastics, upholstery, wool, rags, or bedding.
6-4. CLASS B FIRES. Class B fires involve flammable liquids or gases, such as diesel fuel, hydraulic oil,
lubricating oil, and cooking fat. This class of fire can occur when leaks in pressurized piping spray oil on hot
surfaces or from malfunctioning electrical components within the oil systems. Fires in deep fat fryers result
from overheating of cooking oils and subsequent ignition of the fat.
|
||
|
||
