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 TM 55-1905-223-SDC
b. The damage itself may cause some local weakening of the structure; this is particularly liable to occur
for those structures close to an explosion.
c. The static pressure due to flooding may be increased by a dynamic pressure due to the ship's
movement, either by ship speed or behavior in a seaway.
Unless one or more of the above conditions exist, there should be no necessity for shoring bulkheads or
decks. Shoring is not required as a matter of routine.
The third factor has to do with the effectiveness of the shoring itself. In cases where it is necessary, the
extent of shoring sufficient to be of any value will be such that the operation will be a major one. Shoring
cannot be effectively provided in a period of a few minutes or even in an hour. Two or three shores placed at
random will be of no value whatever. Effective shoring will consist of a reasonable complete network of
reinforcement.
It is apparent that no hard and fast rules can be given as to when shoring is necessary, nor can any set
methods of shoring be established in advance.
Whether or not shoring is required is a matter of judgment, with consideration being given to the known
state or preservation of the bulkhead before the damage, the probability of its having been weakened by the
explosion, the load on the bulkhead as evidenced by its appearance and action, and existing or probable
dynamic forces working on the critical area. For riveted bulk- heads, it should be safe to assume that until
considerable leakage occurs around rivets or through seams, the bulkhead needs no shoring.
Section III.
METHODS OF SHORING
7-3. METHODS. The methods and extent of shoring are likewise matters of judgment. The following
principles, however, should be followed:
a. Bulkheads should be shored to decks either through obstructions on the decks, such as stanchions,
hatch coamings, etc., or through the beams overhead.
b. Pressures should be distributed over as wide an area as possible to avoid local failure.
c.
Every effort should be made to avoid damaging the caulking around bulkheads.
d. In wedging up, sufficient pressure should be exerted to relieve the load on the bulkhead, but care
should be taken that flanges of bulkhead stiffeners, deck beams, etc., are not caused to buckle from
excessive pressure.
Where necessary, decks may be shored to decks overhead. The shoring should extend to headers on
the deck and under the overhead deck beams so
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